@article { author = {Naeej Haghighi, Ali and Salarian, Shideh}, title = {The Role of Culture in International Marketing, Relying on Resistive Economy}, journal = {International Journal of Resistive Economics}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Iranian Business Management Association}, issn = {2345-4954}, eissn = {2345-4954}, doi = {}, abstract = {Resistive economy concept is one of the unique concepts which as some experts state, in the field of theory and practice, has no precedent in the world. Considering the fact that most of the world’s countries are multicultural and also they are growing rapidly, even in relatively the same sex countries, people are remarkably different in recognition, observance and practice of cultural norms. One factor contributing to the success of societies in global marketing activities, is understanding of cultural factors in the target markets. Lack of attention to this issue, will cause irreparable damage to communities. Therefore, a proper understanding of culture is an essential component in the development of effective marketing strategies and best practices of resistive economy. In this paper, the concept of culture is discussed. Then the main influencing factors on culture like: Hofstede's four-dimensional model, marketing, international marketing, and finally the role of culture in international markets with an emphasis on resistive economy have been studied. The results showed that there is a direct relationship between culture and marketing. In other words, success in the International Marketing depends on this issue that Marketing decisions conform to cultural norms and these criteria are the criteria to accept or reject marketing.}, keywords = {culture,International marketing,Resistive economy}, url = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122979.html}, eprint = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122979_775612ba1629f66157e7ac0a74523086.pdf} } @article { author = {Akbarpour Roshan, Narges and Abbasi, Mohsen}, title = {The Impact of the US Economic Sanctions on Health in Cuba}, journal = {International Journal of Resistive Economics}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, pages = {17-36}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Iranian Business Management Association}, issn = {2345-4954}, eissn = {2345-4954}, doi = {}, abstract = {Economic sanctions, as a tool of coercive foreign policy, have been very popular in the 1990s. Sanctions are supposed to impose economic hardship on the country and make the government change its policies. However, there is strong evidence that sanctions cause severe civilian hardship. Reports suggest that sanctions can seriously harm the health of people who live in targeted nations. For this reason, the object of this paper is to address the health effects of economic sanctions in Cuba, because of its long history in facing sanctions. For more than a half of a century, the USA has imposed economic, commercial, and financial sanctions against Cuba. These sanctions have influenced the health of Cubans in many ways. This paper reviews the impact of economic sanctions on health, health services and food security. To do so, desk research and macro analysis have been used in the paper. Finding shows that sanctions have limited access to health services, medicine and adequate food in Cuba. According the results, sanctions have had negative and destructive effects on the health of Cubans and they have violated human rights. The performance of Cuban government has reduced their consequences, though.}, keywords = {Economic sanctions,Health,Cuba}, url = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122980.html}, eprint = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122980_652593ecf8e85ef4e23e1af05946a31c.pdf} } @article { author = {Behboodi, Davood and Panahi, Hossein and Zamzam, Taghi}, title = {The Impact of Sanctions on Iran’s Oil and Natural Gas Exportation: Swot Analysis}, journal = {International Journal of Resistive Economics}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, pages = {37-50}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Iranian Business Management Association}, issn = {2345-4954}, eissn = {2345-4954}, doi = {}, abstract = {Iran holds the world's fourth-largest proven oil reserves and the world's second-largest natural gas reserves. International sanctions are redefining the Iranian energy sector, and the lack of foreign investment and technology is affecting the sector profoundly.In 2012, Iran saw unprecedented drops in its oil exports as sanctions by the United States (U.S.) and European Union (EU) were tightened, targeting Iranian oil export revenues. Oil and gas revenues play a vital role in Iranian government’s performance. That is why we decided to have a glance on efficacies of recent sanctions on Iran’s oil and gas exportation. The purpose of this paper is to outline how the Western sanctions have affected Iran’s oil and gas sector. Our studies show that, international embargoes have negatively affected this sector. Of course, Iran is not reactive and strikes back. Furthermore, in this study, through Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, we concluded that some of the top priorities for Iran to thwart the impact of sanctions are: develop its Natural Gas fields, reduce unrefined oil sales and enhance its exportation of petroleum products, correct internal mismanagements, and also reduce its annual budget reliance on crude oil revenues by non-oil export development and using tax monies.}, keywords = {Sanction,Iran,U.S,EU,Oil and Gas Sector,Hormuz Strait,SWOT}, url = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122981.html}, eprint = {https://www.oajre.ir/article_122981_44cd5dde9839583495205757f968a2bb.pdf} }