Iranian Business Management Association
International Journal of Resistive Economics
2345-4954
7
3
2019
07
01
Effects of International Sanctions on Exports in Iran with an Approach to Business Attraction
1
14
EN
Sanaz
Kahrazeh
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
karasanaz@yahoo.com
Naser
Nikpour
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
nikpour.naser@yahoo.com
Today, international sanctions are used as a means to achieve political objectives. Iran has been repeatedly put under sanction and it has had various consequences. This paper estimates the impact of economic sanctions on Iran’s exports to member countries of the ECO, OPEC and ASEAN Union during the period 1992-2013 using the gravity model approach and the OLS estimation method based on panel data. Estimation results show that sanctions have a negative impact on the volume of Iran’s exports to member countries of the OPEC but it has no impact on exports to the ECO and ASEAN. Finally, it is recommended that Iran shifts its diplomacy from West to East and choose its Eastern neighbors for doing business transactions in order to neutralize the effects of sanctions.
Economic sanctions,International Trade,gravity model,panel data,OLS
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123013.html
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123013_f8dce10f43f7e728532c109c71ff7979.pdf
Iranian Business Management Association
International Journal of Resistive Economics
2345-4954
7
3
2019
07
01
The Significant Role of Mutual Understanding in the Strategic Management of Relationship between Industry and University
15
29
EN
Amir Reza
Narimani
Allameh Tabataba`i University, Tehran, Iran.
narimani@ut.ac.ir
Mehrdad
Sabaghi
Allameh Tabataba`i University, Tehran, Iran.
mehresaba@gmail.com
Today, the link between industry and university, with the expansion of factors such as globalization, the daily increase of competition at international level and fast changes of technology has changed towards the fast development of knowledge market. The purpose of this article is to identify the main foundations of the cooperation and link between universities and organizations. If they are properly and effectively managed, the resulting interests will be at a maximum level. The research methodology is of the descriptive-survey type by using the library sources and theoretical academic bases. In fact with the use of Johari Window and its application in the intra-organizational links, it is possible that with the increase of the vivid area, to increase the rate of awareness of university and industry about each other. In this process, if only one side takes action to self-openness and the other does not do it, the link will not be established. So, one of the measures which should be taken by universities and industries in line with the link between industry and university is to call the trust of both sides with the self-openness and understanding. The results show that the presence of university in industry and on time information dissemination and paying attention to the needs of the industry on one hand and on the other hand, the presence of industry in university and paying attention to the abilities of universities and giving their own research needs to them will bring about the growth and flourishing state of the country.
Link between Industry And University,Research Centers,Self-Openness,mutual understanding
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123014.html
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123014_f7e885681e8d2651f33e1b4b0c5f01fc.pdf
Iranian Business Management Association
International Journal of Resistive Economics
2345-4954
7
3
2019
07
01
The Co-Production in Marine Protected Areas for Sustainable Management
30
41
EN
Carmen
Bizzarri
European University of Rome, University of Warsaw.
carmen.bizzarri@gmail.com
Miroslawa
Czerny
European University of Rome, University of Warsaw.
mczerny@uw.edu.pl
Nowadays The co-production is the management method that relies on consumer responsibility for the service, becoming the recipient of the service and not its beneficiary. Decline of co-production in marine protected areas is to give a different interpretation to the already tested public-private partnership, as it becomes the new form of investment in the territory with the involvement of public actors, but also the local community and above all professional and trade associations. The contribution will therefore analyze the co-production as a management tool applied to marine protected areas will be identified and the consequences and possible strategies in an attempt to combine the protection of the environment to tourism development.
Marina Protected Areas,Co-Production,Sustainable Development of Tourism in Marina Protected Areas,Management of Marina Protected Areas
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123015.html
https://www.oajre.ir/article_123015_7a836a0bbbff9d028bd9bdd5c64f0684.pdf
Iranian Business Management Association
International Journal of Resistive Economics
2345-4954
7
3
2019
07
01
The Impact of Interest Rate on Stock Returns: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange
42
50
EN
Maedeh
Ezzati Jadidi
Faculty member, Department of Business Administration, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
ezzatimaedeh84@gmail.com
Interest rate is a price which is paid for the money and bonds. Interest is the price of money and as such is the reward primarily paid to the lender in order to persuade them to part with their cash. Considering the upward trend of the inflation rate and the relative stabilization of the nominal interest rate in Iran, this question becomes important: how have the stock returns of different industries reacted to these macroeconomic variables? This research examines the effect of the interest rate on the stock returns of 247 listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). In the present research, the relationships between the two variables are examined on a monthly basis during 2002-2007. Probit models in Stata software were used to investigate the relationship between the stock returns and the interest rate. The results do not show a significant relationship between the interest rate and stock returns.
Interest Rate,Stock Returns,Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)
https://www.oajre.ir/article_181944.html
https://www.oajre.ir/article_181944_03917b346d76e874b4772c5356a14a3f.pdf