Iranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001The Effects of Economic Sanctions on Private Investment in Iran111125411ENFarzanehAliakbariDepartment of Accounting, Islamic Azad University of Shal Center, Qazvin Branch, Qazvin, Iran.Journal Article20200608Every economy needs some production factors for its growth and development. No country can just rely on its internal resources to experience economic growth. But special attention should be paid to international resources to increase its domestic power production in economic sanctions, which lead to the loss of economic security for domestic and foreign factors of production and reduction of international and domestic sources. Then factors of production abroad do not enter the domestic economy of a country, and domestic resources start to leave the country. Sanctions, by creating economic insecurity (high risk), reduce willingness to invest and reduce swelling in the supply side of the economy at the macro level. Investment expenses are known as a stimulus force for economic growth and development. In fact one of the variables that can be changed by changing the macro variables is investment. Private investment, is a part of the total investment in which monetary policy can make many changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of economic sanctions on private sector investment in Iran by using ordinary least squares (OLS) between the years 1959 to 2008, respectively. Results showed a significant relationship between economic sanctions and long-term private investment in Iran.https://www.oajre.ir/article_125411_52c30579545fc922b186d7758c414277.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001Determining an Index to Evaluate the Resistance of the Iranian Economy1230125412ENFarhadGhaleiDepartment of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200610The Supreme Leader of Iran (Ayatollah Khamenei) proposed discourse of economic resistance in order to achieve goals of Islamic republic system and create new Islamic civilization, and in February 2014, notified the general policy of resistive economy to the heads of the three branches and chairman of the expediency council. Now with specifying economic model of Iran, it is necessary to determine reasonable and inclusive assessment of the country's economy on track to meet the aspirations of the resistive economy. Study ahead Intends to examine situation of the country in some international indicators that have affinity with the general policies of resistive economic, using the method of logical analysis, evaluation of statistical data and time series and as well as to introduce the index entitled "Economic Resistance Index", by composition of the indicators, in order to determine the resistance rate of the Iran economy. In this study, 5 International index of entrepreneurship: knowledge-based economy, innovation, competitiveness and economic transparency, are used. Looking at the index in 2014, Iran had 24.1 point out of 100 in entrepreneurship index, 4,04 point out of 7 in the index of competitiveness, 26.14 point out of 100 in the innovation index, 3.91 point out of 10 in the knowledge economy index, and 27 point out of 100 economic transparency index and by taking every 5 index in the form of economic resistance index, Iran’s point is 1.74 out of 5, which equals 35% of the total points. In general, we can say that the resistance of the economy is bad and it is necessary to review management style of country's economy.https://www.oajre.ir/article_125412_27166b6c90765ed144586d4b52790fe0.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001Heuristic Methods in Librarianship and Customer Knowledge Management (Case Study: Sun City Tele-Library)3148125413ENSomayyehMardomiDepartment of Knowledge and Information sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Ashraf-AL SadatBozorgiDepartment of Knowledge and Information sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lavizan, Makran, Tehran, Iran.FereshtehSepehrDepartment of Knowledge and Information sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lavizan, Makran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200502As identity of public libraries depends on quantity and quality aspects, main effort of these libraries should be concentrated on this problem. Using new methods in absorbing users could help to keep their identity. Studying heuristic library methods in providing library services and managing knowledge of customer are aims of this research. Library method and providing services in tele-library of sun-city is considered as case study. Its performance is analyzed as a successful experience in view of author of article to absorb customer. By a study on history of last researches inside and outside of Iran by library studies, a conceptual model was designed by author to increase efficiency to provide library services by using heuristic methods in librarianship. Result: according to this investigation, the method used in library during 2005-2009 that 8700 people in age range of 8-18 years became membership in region 15, and 36000 books have been loaned. In order to promote the culture of reading book, an innovative method has been quite successful.https://www.oajre.ir/article_125413_a344f9474e9ac4632d56ad52349d696d.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001The Impact of Sanctions on the Economy of Iran4965125414ENAliFeghe MajidiDepartment of Economics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.ZahraZarouniDepartment of Economics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.Journal Article20200519Nowadays, economy as the basis of wealth and power plays a crucial role in order to achieve economic growth and development. It has also been the interest to policy makers of Iran and there have been a lot of economic plans to achieve economic development. In this context, Economic sanctions have been an obstacle to achieve this goal. In this paper, the impacts of sanction on Iranian economy, specifically, on macroeconomic variable have been investigated, using descriptive-analysis method. Sanction has been affected a large part of Iran economy; limiting access to finance and foreign exchange, decreasing investment, rising unemployment and inflation and led to economic slowdown. However, it seems to reduce the economy's dependence on oil, improve domestic production capacity and reduce vulnerability to external factors are the opportunities created by the sanctions.https://www.oajre.ir/article_125414_8d6aade1f948a8135839a5c0e2fd631f.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001The Necessity of Production, International Marketing, Export And Financing of Agricultural Projects in Iran (Case Study: Variety of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms)6680125415ENParvinAfsharDepartment of Business Administration, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran.MusaAhmadiDepartment of Management, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.MohammadJaliliDepartment of Management, Abhar branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.HosseinNorozinezhadDepartment of Business Administration, Malayer branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran.MahsanAfsharDepartment of Business Administration, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran.Journal Article20200508Falling oil prices and the need to increase no- oil export and exchange earnings, Exposing post-embargo and need to compensation of past economic losses and financing, the water crisis and the need to produce and export of high value-added and low- Consumption water products has challenged exports and production planning. purpose of descriptive analytical study, using research literature and interviews with experts and published statistics from Iran Statistical centre and Iranian mushroom Association and World Bank, is evaluated necessity of international marketing , export and financing of Mushrooms due to the comparative advantages of this industry in Iran. Existence of comparative advantage: cheaper labour and energy resources, climate variability (compared with regional countries), lower distance with neighbouring countries (compared with major producers),producing all- domestic production and No import raw materials, the frequent demand due to food security, compliance with the green agriculture principles, justifies the necessity of due to mushroom industry. Using of all mentioned comparative advantage, reduces the cost product and earns competitive price as a competitive advantage that makes it possible to attract export markets. According to the mushroom processing facilities (increase in value-added and with little water) is solution to non-oil exports and the water crisishttps://www.oajre.ir/article_125415_4f30e41e37e1fd93eef8cdf97db6fa1a.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-49548420201001An Analysis on the Effect of Social Capital on Opportunities Recognition in Agricultural Entrepreneurship Development8195125416ENShohrehKaramiDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Agriculture and Natural Resource Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.HosseinAgahiDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Agriculture and Natural Resource Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.Journal Article20200710As Timmons believes, entrepreneurship leads to creation of promotion and reconstruction for owners and opportunity is the heart of entrepreneurship. But, opportunity is expressed in relation to other effective components on entrepreneurship such as social capital or social energy. This capital is composed of informal values and play a significant role in recognizing opportunities by generating trust, common norms and bonds among individuals. Accordingly, the present paper aims at analyzing the effect of social capital on opportunities recognition in agricultural entrepreneurship development. Research population is composed of agricultural entrepreneurs of Kermanshah city (N=82) form which 58 individuals were selected as the sample based on Morgan’s Table and using random sampling. The research is performed through descriptive – correlation methodology and required data were gathered by a questionnaire validity and reliability of which were evaluated using panel of experts and Cronbach’s Alpha, respectively. Validation and determining data adaption and fitness were performed using structural equation modeling in AMOS software and the effect of social capital on opportunities recognition was examined by MANOVA method (between two groups having and lacking social capital) in SPSS. According to findings, research hypotheses on presence of a significant relationship between social capital and aspects of opportunity recognition (number and diversity of opportunities) in agricultural entrepreneurship and a significant relationship between diversity and number of opportunities in agricultural entrepreneurship were confirmed. https://www.oajre.ir/article_125416_d32188bd4a4d93447a2c6a0e29af8803.pdf