Iranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401The Analysis of Effective Factors in Launching Academic Accelerators during Sanctions: A phenomenological Study11216773910.22034/oajre.2022.167739ENNedaHasanpourPh.D, Department of Public Administration, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, IranMohammad AliNasimiAssistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.SamiraPaliAssistant Professor, Department of Educational, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.HakimehKiakojuriPh.D, Department of Management, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, IranJournal Article20210119Economic sanctions as an unconventional weapon, the creation of technological methods of earning money, the need to develop and strengthen universities and the establishment of accelerator centers are becoming increasingly apparent. The purpose of this study is The Analysis of effective factors on launching Academic Accelerators during the Sanctions. In this regard, in-depth interviews with experts were used to collect data. The statistical population of the present study consisted of managers and staff of accelerator centers in selected universities which include accelerators. The statistical sample of this study was 9 people. Purposeful sampling method was used to select research samples and phenomenological strategy and Klaizi method were used for data analysis. Findings of phenomenological analysis were categorized in 6 titles as follow: (The requirement of entrepreneurial transformation in universities, Accelerator launching process, Motivation to launch the accelerator, Individual capabilities for launching accelerators, Accelerator services, The role of government in launching accelerators). As a result, based on the research findings, university administrators were advised to select people for launching accelerators by providing internal and external incentives and motivators and by increasing psychological readiness and compiling a list of demographic, psychological and job development characteristics. The selected individuals must be qualified to take responsibility for setting up the accelerators and be able to do the job well.https://www.oajre.ir/article_167739_723a3a48e9e3d809bda4e627520ba0ed.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401Investigating Impact of macroeconomic variables on the government budget deficit in Iran's economy: an approach with VAR-VECM132316735810.22034/oajre.2022.167358ENSeyyed WaliullahMir HosseiniAssistant Professor, Department of Economics, Payam Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1540-8469EbrahimBahraminiaAssistant Professor, Department of Economics, Payam Noor University (PNU), Tehran, IranHabibNajafizadaMaster student , Department of Economics, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20220111The economic tasks of governments are the optimal allocation of resources, fair distribution of income, and economic stability; the budget is the most important economic tool for achieving these goals. Governments are incapable of implementing balanced budgets for various reasons and face a budget deficit to finance their current development expenses. The budget deficit in an economy is measurable by the difference between government revenues and payments; it is an important policy tool in developing countries. The state budget situation is important for government policy and its role as an economic policy tool. The study of the effect of macroeconomic variables on the government budget deficit through a model of correction of vector error in the period 2001-2018 was the goal of this research. The results show that in the Iranian economy during the period under study, the variables of the economic growth rate and the exchange rate have been reversely associated with the budget deficit, while the variables of the inflation rate and the supply of money have had a direct impact on the government budget deficit. The effect of interest rate changes has not been significant on the budget deficit.https://www.oajre.ir/article_167358_3ae7280bd68ce4076129694d32f95f3a.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401Commercialization of Scientific Research Results of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Medical Sciences (Case Study: Iran)243617020210.22034/oajre.2022.170202ENMansourTorkiantabarPh.D. Student of Library and Information Sciences, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.SedighehMohammad EsmaeilAssistant Professor, Knowledge and Information Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.FatemehNooshin FardAssistant professor , Knowledge and information Science , Science and Research Branch ,Islamic azad University, Tehran ,Iran.Journal Article20220109In today’s world, commercialization of scientific research results significantly contributes to development of most countries besides generating revenues and assisting in economic growth. Hence, the present paper aims at studying effective factors on commercialization of scientific research results through knowledge-based companies in the field of medical sciences. Methodology: The present survey – descriptive research is of correlation type in which questionnaire is used to gather required data. Population is composed of managers of 74 knowledge – based companies acting in the field of medical sciences selected on a random basis. Realized questionnaire is used to collect data. Gathered data is analyzed using LisRel and SPSS statistical software. Findings: Findings indicate a positive, significant correlation between personal, organizational, economic, legal, juridical and environmental – organizational factors of commercialization of scientific research results in knowledge-based companies and technological units. Bases on rankings, cultural – social (mean: 3.82), environmental – organizational (mean: 3.68), legal (mean: 3.65), economic (mean: 3.50), organizational (mean: 3.38) and personal (mean: 2.97) factors had the highest effect on commercialization of scientific research results of knowledge-based companies in the field of medical sciences. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on results, and since knowledge-based companies may, especially in the field of medical sciences, paly a valuable role in preparing and providing productions, authorities and economic policy-makers are suggested to pay more attention to problems and issues of such companies.https://www.oajre.ir/article_170202_847fe9a6b735a0827af1cf34360305f7.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401The Effects of Economic Sanctions on Private Investment in Iran374717020510.22034/oajre.2022.170205ENFarzanehAliakbariMaster of economy, Department of Accounting, B Islamic Azad University of Shal center, Qazvin Branch, 7, Alikhani, Notrh Naderi, Qazvin, Iran.Journal Article20220111Every economy needs some production factors for its growth and development. No country can just rely on its internal resources to experience economic growth. But special attention should be paid to international resources to increase its domestic power production in economic sanctions, which lead to the loss of economic security for domestic and foreign factors of production and reduction of international and domestic sources. Then factors of production abroad do not enter the domestic economy of a country, and domestic resources start to leave the country. Sanctions, by creating economic insecurity (high risk), reduce willingness to invest and reduce swelling in the supply side of the economy at the macro level. Investment expenses are known as a stimulus force for economic growth and development. In fact one of the variables that can be changed by changing the macro variables is investment. Private investment, is a part of the total investment in which monetary policy can make many changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of economic sanctions on private sector investment in Iran by using ordinary least squares (OLS) between the years 1959 to 2008, respectively. Results showed a significant relationship between economic sanctions and long-term private investment in Iran.https://www.oajre.ir/article_170205_b0a0bcceb65846a88db7705b1fd1a2cb.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401The Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Imports of Capital Goods in the Industry Sector of Iran During Sanctions486417029810.22034/oajre.2022.170298ENRezaRoshanAssistant Professor, Department of Economics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.Journal Article20220119This paper investigates the effect of Exchange Rate Volatility (ERV) on Imports of capital goods in Iran’s Industry for the period of 1979-2012 In terms of sanctions. In the first stage, we consider a special case of GARCH family model to measure ERV. In the second stage, we employed the OLS approach for estimating the import demand function for Iran’s industry sector, so that ERV has entered in the model as an explanatory variable. The other explanatory variables considered for multivariate estimation include the value of production of industrial goods and relative prices index of Imports of capital goods. The result of Engle-Granger Co-integration test shows a long term relationship between the imports of Iran's industrial goods, ERV and other variables. The findings suggest that ERV has negative impact on Imports of capital goods in Iran’s Industry. In addition, the effect of relative prices index is negative, but the effect of production of industrial goods on the Imports of capital goods is positive.https://www.oajre.ir/article_170298_bdacef310ef06262add84c4e6557cc12.pdfIranian Business Management AssociationInternational Journal of Resistive Economics2345-495410220220401Sustainable Environmental Economics by Air Pollution Prevention and Control Approach657517035110.22034/oajre.2022.170351ENRasoulYarahmadiProfessor, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, occupational health research centre, Iran University Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.SomayehSoleymani-AlyarMSc, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Iran University Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20220111Air pollution as a principle challenge of today international societies is at the centre of attentions. In particular, Direct and indirect effects of air pollution on various aspects of human life, health and welfare being, and its surrounded environment causes to Countries and authorities in worldwide seek for suitable methods of engineering and management to solve it. In this study, we will show the necessity and importance of pollution prevention from sustainable environmental economics aspect. Where, Modern technologies are increasing daily to control pollutants emitted by stationary and mobile sources, the key role of economy as an important element in apply of various solutions, technologies and more important, in decision making process is being highlighted. As, most of the new technologies in spite of high efficiency are facing some problem in application just because of cost issues. Human health and welfare is depended on its surrounding environment. Labour force of a society and so, its productivity, is a key development index of that society. It has been found from studies that worker productivity is affected by air pollution, even at lower concentration of threshold values. By considering pollution prevention 1990 act, and meeting it, not only the pollution will be decreased, but also, it will assist to keep natural resources as a sustainable capital and so, maintaining of health ecosystem (health society is a part of health ecosystem). As some companies by attention to the air pollution considerations in design and material substitution could achieve much benefits.https://www.oajre.ir/article_170351_120f6c07fc3ec6295d01f6e11c59d8fc.pdf